The Cadernos de Pós-Graduação em Direito Político e Econômico / Postgraduate Notebooks in Political and Economic Law, published by the Centro de Estudos Acadêmicos Press [Center for Academic Studies Press], is committed to transparency, impartiality, and ethical responsibility in scholarly publishing. As part of this commitment, all parties involved in the editorial and review process must disclose any actual or potential conflicts of interest that may influence the content, evaluation, or publication of submitted work.

1. Definition of Conflict of Interest

A conflict of interest exists when personal, financial, academic, institutional, or professional relationships may interfere with—or appear to interfere with—the objectivity, integrity, or fairness of the research or its evaluation.

Conflicts may be:

• Financial: e.g., research funding, grants, consulting fees, stocks, honoraria, or other economic benefits related to the topic or institution involved;
• Academic or Professional: e.g., current or recent collaborations, academic rivalry, or shared institutional affiliation;
• Personal: e.g., familial, romantic, or close friendships with authors, reviewers, or editors;
• Ideological or Political: e.g., strong publicly stated positions that may compromise impartiality.

2. Disclosure by Authors

Authors must disclose any potential conflicts of interest at the time of submission. This includes:

• Funding sources or institutional support;
• Any personal or professional relationships that may be perceived as influencing the research;
• Involvement with organizations or entities that may benefit from the publication.

A disclosure statement should be included in the manuscript, either in a dedicated “Conflict of Interest” section or as part of the final footnote. If there are no conflicts to declare, the authors must explicitly state:
“The authors declare no conflicts of interest.”

3. Disclosure by Reviewers and Editors

Peer reviewers and editorial board members are also required to declare any potential conflict of interest that may affect their impartial evaluation of a manuscript. In such cases, they must recuse themselves from the review or editorial decision.

Situations requiring recusal may include:

• Reviewers who have recently co-authored with the submitting author;
• Reviewers or editors employed at the same institution as the author(s);
• Any situation where neutrality cannot be guaranteed.

4. Editorial Handling of Disclosures

All disclosures are handled confidentially and used solely for the purpose of ensuring a fair editorial process. When necessary, the editorial board may take actions such as:

• Assigning a different reviewer or editor;
• Publishing a conflict-of-interest statement alongside the article;
• Rejecting a manuscript where conflicts have been concealed or misrepresented.

5. Ethical Oversight

Failure to disclose relevant conflicts of interest may be considered a breach of ethical conduct and result in:

• Rejection or retraction of the article;
• Notification of the author's institution;
• Exclusion from future submissions or reviews.

The journal follows the recommendations of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and Brazilian academic integrity frameworks in managing such cases.

For questions related to conflict-of-interest declarations or ethical procedures, authors and reviewers may contact the editorial office directly via email.