The International Conventional Framework for Combating Corruption and Its Enforcement Mechanisms “A Study in Effectiveness and Challenges”

Abstract

This article examines the international regulation of corruption offenses by analyzing its evolution from a purely domestic concern to a comprehensive international legal framework based on multilateral conventions and enforcement mechanisms. The study highlights that, due to financial globalization and the increasing cross-border flow of capital, corruption has become a transnational phenomenon requiring coordinated international responses, primarily embodied in the United Nations Convention against Corruption as the main global legal framework in this field. The article further explores key enforcement mechanisms, particularly international judicial cooperation, asset recovery, and the role of international and regulatory bodies, emphasizing their importance in translating legal commitments into practical measures. However, the study concludes that the effectiveness of this system remains limited due to several constraints, including weak international enforceability, divergence of legal systems, difficulties in asset recovery, and the influence of political and sovereignty considerations on international cooperation. Accordingly, the fight against corruption at the international level remains dependent on strengthening enforcement mechanisms and enhancing genuine political will toward binding international cooperation.